Detection of parasitic microsatellites

From: Frits Westra (fw-nx@xs4all.nl)
Date: Mon Mar 08 2004 - 20:58:33 EST

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    Slightly off-topic: Found this thesis by Vincent J. Dabrowski (USAF) 
    published in 2003. "Parasitic" microsatellites rigidly connected to a 
    satellite can be detected with a series of small identical maneuvers.
    
    Full text here (PDF, 4.1 MB):
    
    https://research.maxwell.af.mil/papers/ay2003/afit/AFIT-GAE-ENY-03-2.pdf
    
     From the Introduction:
    
    Advances in the miniaturization of space systems technology have, and will 
    continue to, lead to reductions in space vehicle size and cost. These 
    reductions are leading to a world-wide explosion in microsatellite usage. 
    One particularly promising area of research is the use of microsatellites 
    (microsats) as inspection and servicing vehicles for larger satellites. 
    However this same technology can be used to rendezvous and dock with a 
    satellite and disrupt, degrade, disable, or destroy it. Since the United 
    States (US) is the most space-dependent country on earth it has the most 
    to lose from these types of attacks.
    
    Ground-based detection of such threats are insufficient. A 1999, 
    government-sponsored report by the Schafer Corporation concluded that the 
    US Space Object Identification (SOI) capability in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) 
    isinadequate. Worden explains: “These sensors are mostly 1960s and 1970s 
    era radar and optical tracking sensors ” and the US “cannot detect and 
    track microsatellite-sized objects in Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO).” The US 
    Fiscal Year 2000-01 Department of Defense (DoD) Space Technology Guide 
    cites the need for on-orbit diagnostics aboard all satellites. It states 
    that “assets must be capable of surveying their own space environment, 
    both for self-protection against natural and man-made threats and to 
    determine if they are under attack.” This concept is referred to as Space 
    Situational Awareness.
    
    Regards,
    
    Frits
    
    -----------------------------------------------------------
    Frits Westra -- PE2ATC -- fw-nx#xs4all.nl -- 52.22N 06.38E
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