RE: Nadir Pointing Reflecting Surfaces

From: Matson, Robert (ROBERT.D.MATSON@saic.com)
Date: Thu Jul 25 2002 - 19:20:45 EDT

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    Hi Russ,
    
    > Awhile back, a comment was made that nadir pointing reflecting surfaces
    > could not generate visible flares.  It was stated that this had been
    > discussed sometime ago in this discussion list.  Can anyone point me
    > in the general direction of that discussion?  I'm not sure I agree
    > with the general statement and want to find out what I'm missing in
    > my analysis of the geometry.
    
    It's easier for me to answer than to dig up references to prior Seesat
    discussions on the subject.  Draw yourself a circle to represent the
    earth, and above it (say one earth-radius above) draw a horizontal
    dash to represent a satellite reflective surface pointing to the
    earth's center.  Now draw two lines from the center of this dash
    to the earth limb:  one tangent to the earth on the upper left, one
    on the upper right.  Let the left line represent the direction to
    the sun.  The right line then represents the reflection direction of
    a solar glint.
    
    You see the problem:  in order to get the glint to intersect the
    earth (the right line angling inward), the sun line must also angle
    inward.  But if it does, then the earth blocks the sun, and the
    satellite is no longer illuminated.  Now, due to atmospheric
    refraction and scattering by the satellite mirror, the geometry
    can be off several degrees and still produce a bright reflection,
    but this can only happen when the satellite is within a few degrees
    of the horizon at the same azimuth as the (set) sun, and it must
    occur very close to satellite sunrise or sunset.
    
    Best,
    Rob
    
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